Penoscrotal hypospadias with intact foreskin: A rare exception to the two-zipper hypothesis presentation

Abstract

Devon Thomas, Seyed Behzad Jazayeri, Preeya Mistry, Erica Mercer and Andrew Stec*

The precise mechanisms of urethral development are not fully understood, but several hypotheses have been proposed to explain the formation of the urethra. One hypothesis is based on the concept of inductive signaling, which suggests that the surrounding tissues play a crucial role in developing the urethral epithelium. According to this theory, signals from the mesoderm and intermediate mesoderm, as well as growth factors from the surrounding tissues, work together to induce the differentiation and growth of the urethral epithelium. The two-zipper theory is a model that explains the underlying mechanisms of hypospadias formation.